Sandra Hunter, Ph. D.

Assistant Professor

Harriet Barker Cramer Hall 230N

Phone: (414) 288-6673
Fax: (414) 288-6079
Email

Education:

1998 Doctor of Philosophy - University of Sydney - Australia
Exercise & Sport Science

1992 Graduate Diploma - University of Wollongong - Australia
Human Movement Science

1985 Bachelor of Education - University of Sydney - Australia
Physical Education

Professional Experience

1999-2003 Postdoctoral Research Associate
Neural Control of Movement Labortory - [Director: Prof Roger M Enoka]
Department of Integrative Physiology
University of Colorado, Boulder

1992-1998 Teaching and Research Assistant
School of Physiotherapy and School of Exercise and Sport Science - University of Sydney - Australia

1985-1988 Physical Education, Health & Geography High School Teacher; School Sports Coordinator
Downlands College - Toowoomba - Queensland - Australia

Major Areas of Recent Research

• The impact of stress on neuromuscular function and muscle fatigue
• The neural control of muscle fatigue and task failure with age
• Sex and task differences in muscle fatigue of young and older adults
• Adaptations of neuromuscular aging: control of muscle force and motor unit variability

Funding Principal Investigator
2007-2008	National Institute of Occupational, Safety and Health Pilot Training Grant, University of Illinois Chicago ”Cognitive Stress, Mental Attentiveness and Muscle Fatigue ”

2007-2008

American College of Sports Medicine (Pre Doctoral Award for Erin Griffith) “Mechanisms of task Failure with Aging.

2007	Regular Research Grant and Summer Faculty Fellowship, Marquette University “The influence of cognitive stress on fatiguing contractions”
2007	Way Klingler Young Scholar Award at Marquette University “Brain Activation in Young and Old Adults During Fatiguing Tasks”
2004 - 2006	National Institute of Aging RO3 Award (AG023183) "Task Dependence of Muscle Fatigue of Young and Older Adults"
2005	Way Klingler Summer Faculty Scholarship Marquette University
2005	Faculty Development Award College of Health Sciences, Marquette University
2002-2003	Research Endowment Award American College of Sports Medicine "Sex Differences in Muscle Fatigue of Young and Older Adults"

Co- Investigator
2008-2010	Arthritis Foundation “Exercise induced pain relief in women with fibromyalgia” (PI: Marie Hoeger-Bement).
2006-2008	Dr Judith Stitt Women’s Faculty Scholar Wisconsin Women’s Health Foundation. “Gender differences in the role of robotic rehabilitation therapy after stroke” (PI: Michelle Johnson).
2006-2007	American Pain Society Future Leaders in Pain Management "Acute Hormonal Fluctuations as a Mechanism For Exercise-Induced Hypoalgesia" (PI: Marie Hoeger-Bement).

Honors and Awards
2007	Way Klingler Young Scholar Award at Marquette University
2005	Fellow of the American College of Sports Medicine
2004	Research Career Enhancement Award American Physiological Society
1998	Research Excellence Award Australian Conference of Science and Medicine in Sport
1994-1996	University of Sydney Postgraduate Research Award Scholarship

Teaching Responsibilities

EXSC 192 Advanced Exercise Physiology: 4 credit Fall class for seniors

EXSC 187 Exercise for Special Populations: 3 credit Fall class for seniors

 

Professional Societies

Society for Neuroscience

American Physiological Society

American College of Sports Medicine

Professional Publications
Refereed Journals

1. Hoeger Bement MK, Rasiarmos RL, DiCapo JM, Griffith EE & Hunter SK. Women exhibit greater analgesia than men after submaximal fatiguing isometric contractions (submitted).
2. Yoon T, Schlinder-DeLap B, Griffith EE & Hunter SK. Mechanisms of fatigue differ after low- and high- force fatiguing contractions in men and women. Muscle and Nerve, 2007.
3. Hunter SK, Butler JE, Todd G, Gandevia SC and Taylor JL. Supraspinal fatigue does not explain the sex difference in muscle fatigue of maximal contractions. Journal of Applied Physiology 101: 1036-1044, 2006.
4. Mottram CJ, Hunter SK, Rochette L, and Enoka RM.  Time to task failure varies with the gain of the feedback signal for women, but not for men. Experimental Brain Research 174(3): 575-587, 2006.
5. Hunter SK, Schletty JM, Schlachter KM, Griffith EE, Polichnowski AJ & Ng AV. Active hyperemia and vascular conductance differ between men and women for an isometric fatiguing contraction. Journal of Applied Physiology 101: 140-150, 2006.
6. Harmer AR, Ruell PA, McKenna MJ, Chisholm DJ, Hunter SK, Thom JM, Morris NR, and Flack JR Effects of sprint training on extrarenal potassium regulation with intense exercise in Type 1 diabetes. Journal of Applied Physiology 100: 26-34, 2006.
7. Yoon, TJ, Kim YW, Chung CS, Hunter SK. The effect of aging on the mechanism of muscle fatigue during a sustained submaximal isometric contraction. Korean Journal of Sports Biomechanics 15(3), 51-59, 2005.
8. Tracy BL, Maluf KS, Stephenson JL, Hunter SK, and Enoka RM. Variability of motor unit discharge and force fluctuations across a range of muscle forces in older adults Muscle and Nerve 32: 533-540, 2005.
9. Hunter SK, Critchlow A, and Enoka RM. Muscle endurance is greater for old men compared with strength-matched young men. Journal of Applied Physiology 99: 890-897, 2005.
10. Hunter SK, Rochette R, Critchlow A, and Enoka RM. Time to task failure differs with load type when old adults perform a submaximal fatiguing contraction. Muscle and Nerve 31: 730-740, 2005.
11. Hunter SK, Critchlow A, and Enoka RM. Influence of aging on sex differences in muscle fatigability. Journal of Applied Physiology 97: 1723-1732, 2004.
12. Hunter SK, Critchlow A, Shin IS and Enoka RM. Men are more fatigable than strength-matched women when performing intermittent submaximal fatiguing contractions. Journal of Applied Physiology 96: 2125-2132, 2004.
13. Hunter SK, Duchateau J and Enoka RM. Muscle fatigue and the mechanisms for task failure. Exercise and Sport Science Reviews, 32: 44-49, 2004.
14. Hunter SK, Critchlow A, Shin IS and Enoka RM. Fatigability of the elbow flexor muscles for a sustained submaximal contraction is similar in men and women matched for strength. Journal of Applied Physiology 96: 195-202, 2004.
15. Rochette L, Hunter SK, Place N and Lepers R. Activation varies among the knee extensor muscles during a submaximal fatiguing contraction in the seated-and supine postures. Journal of Applied Physiology 95: 1515-1522, 2003.
16. Hunter SK, Lepers R, MacGillis CJ, Enoka RM. Activation among the elbow flexor muscles differs when maintaining arm position during a fatiguing contraction. Journal of Applied Physiology 94: 2439-2447, 2003.
17. Enoka RM, Christou EA, Hunter SK, Kornatz KW, Semmler JG, Taylor AM and Tracy BL. Review: Mechanisms that contribute to differences in motor performance between young and old adults. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology 13: 1-12, 2003.
18. Hunter SK and Enoka RM. Changes in muscle activation can prolong the endurance time of a submaximal isometric contraction in humans Journal of Applied Physiology 94: 108-118, 2003.
19. Hunter SK, Ryan DL, Ortega JD and Enoka RM. Task differences with the same load torque alter endurance time of submaximal fatiguing contractions in humans Journal of Neurophysiology 88: 3087-3096, 2002.
20. Laidlaw D, Hunter SK, Enoka RM. Nonuniform activation of the agonist muscle does not covary with index finger acceleration in old adults. Journal of Applied Physiology 93: 1400-1410, 2002.
21. Hunter SK and Enoka RM. Sex differences in the fatigability of arm muscles depends on absolute force during isometric contractions. Journal of Applied Physiology 91: 2686-2694, 2001.
22. Thom JM, Thompson MW, Ruell PA, Bryant GJ, Fonda JS, Harmer AR, Gwinn T, Janse de Jonge X., Hunter SK. Effect of 10-day cast immobilization on sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium regulation in humans. Acta Physiologica Scandinavica, 171: 141-147, 2001.
23. Hunter SK, Thompson MW, Adams RD. Reaction time, strength and physical activity of women aged 20 to 89 years. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity, 9: 32-42, 2001.
24. Hunter SK, Thompson MW, Adams RD. Relationships among age-associated strength changes and physical activity level, limb dominance and muscle group in women. Journal of Gerontology: Biological Sciences, 55A(6): B264-B273, 2000.
25. Hunter SK, Thompson MW, Ruell PA, Harmer AR, Thom JM, Gwinn TH, Adams RD. Human skeletal sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ uptake and muscle function with aging and strength training. Journal of Applied Physiology, 86(6): 1858-1865, 1999.
26. Hunter SK, White MJ, Thompson MW. Review: Techniques to evaluate elderly human muscle function: a physiological basis. Journal of Gerontology: Biological Sciences, 53(3): B204-B216, 1998.
27. Hunter SK, Thompson MW. Contractile properties of two human lower limb muscle groups: the quadriceps and triceps surae. Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation, 8(3): 227-237, 1998.
28. Booth J, McKenna MJ, Ruell PA, Gwinn TH, Davis GM, Thompson MW, Harmer AR, Hunter SK, Sutton JR. Impaired calcium pump function does not slow relaxation in human skeletal muscle following prolonged exercise. Journal of Applied Physiology, 83(2): 511-521, 1997.

Recent Abstracts

1. Hoeger Bement MK, Lewis A, DiCapo J, Rasiarmos R, Hunter SK. Mental Stress Alters Pain Perception, American Physical Therapy Association, Combined Sections Meeting, 2008.
2. Hunter SK,Yoon T, Pate B, Rodriguez TM, Christou EA. Low-frequency oscillations in force are associated with heart rate. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 33, 2007. (Presentation at the Society of Neuroscience Annual Meeting, San Diego, CA).
3. Yoon T, Schlinder-Delap B, Keller M, & Hunter SK.  Supraspinal fatigue increased during a low-intensity sustained fatiguing contraction in young and old adults. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 33, 2007. (Presentation at the Society of Neuroscience Annual Meeting, San Diego, CA).
4. Yoon T, Schlinder-Delap B, Griffith EE & Hunter SK. Fluctuations in motor output are altered with fatigue and age. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 39(5); S267, 2007. (American College of Sports Medicine National Annual Meeting, New Orleans).
5. Farinella JM, Corrado G, Griffith E, Jablonski K, Romanowich D, Ng AV & Hunter SK.Task-dependent muscle fatigue in the tibialis anterior.  Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 39(5); S263, 2007. (American College of Sports Medicine National Annual Meeting, New Orleans).
6. Griffith EE, Schlachter KM, Kufahl TD, Ng AV & Hunter SK. The influence of active hyperemia on the sex difference in time to failure of an intermittent fatiguing contraction.  Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 39(5);S471, 2007. (American College of Sports Medicine National Annual Meeting, New Orleans).