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Joseph Friebert at
Ninety
July 17-August 30, 1998
Joseph
Friebert has been a Milwaukee resident for most of his life. As an artist
and educator he has left his impact on the city and its artistic community.
His students have become teachers of a new generation of artists, and both
established and emerging painters have been influenced by his intensely
personal approach to making art.
Born in Buffalo in 1908, Friebert
came to Milwaukee with his family at the age of three. Educated as a pharmacist,
he pursued his interest in art on the side, becoming active in the Businessmanís
Art Club and taking evening classes at the Layton School of Art. He met
many of the important artists of the day, including Robert von Neumann
and Gerrit Sinclair, and younger artists such as Samuel Himmelfarb, Ruth
Grotenrath, Schomer Lichtner, Robert Schelling, Alfred Sessler, and Santos
Zingale. In 1937 he married artist Betsy Ritz. With her support, he pursued
a career as an artist and teacher. Friebert eventually received a bachelorís
degree in art education from Milwaukee State Teachers College in 1945 and
a masterís degree from the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 1951. An
educator for three decades, he taught at Layton and the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee,
retiring from UWM in 1976. His work was included in the 1956 Venice Biennale
and has been widely exhibited in museums and galleries including The Art
Institute of Chicago, Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, Whitney Museum
of American Art, and The Metropolitan Museum of Art, as well as in numerous
one-, two-, and three-person exhibitions in the Milwaukee area.
Friebertís
early work documents urban life and portrays people struggling under the
weight of the Depression. These social themes were common to artists in
the 1930s and 1940s but also reflected the deep influence of Friebertís
father, Emmanuel, a Socialist and union organizer. Friebert explored abstraction
for several years, but ultimately returned to his main focus of figuration,
continuing to comment on social issues such as McCarthyism and express
empathy for the human condition. A dark palette and a painstaking method
of working through the layering of transparent and opaque glazes, inspired
by the techniques of Old Masters such as Rembrandt, as well as a formal
concern for design and balance have been consistent elements in his work
for more than six decades.
With
their subtle colors and luminous intensity, Friebertís paintings invite
contemplation. They offer no easy answers, but rather require the exploration
of subtle and unnerving relationships. A landscape is occupied by men and
women who seem indifferent to it and each other; a nude woman is inexplicably
present in a group of clothed figures; numerous figures fill a composition,
yet each seems isolated and lonely; children come towards the viewer in
a winter scene which contains the almost imperceptible evidence of a hanging
amidst the trees behind them.
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